Rule 9.210 — Briefs

Rule 9.210 — Briefs

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(a) Generally. In addition to briefs on jurisdiction under rule 9.120(d), the only briefs permitted to be filed by the parties in any one proceeding are the initial brief, the answer brief, a reply brief, and a cross-reply brief. All briefs required by these rules shall be prepared as follows:

  1. (1) When not filed in electronic format, briefs shall be printed, typewritten, or duplicated on opaque, white, unglossed paper. The dimensions of each page of a brief, regardless of format, shall be 8 1/2 by 11 inches.
  2. (2) The lettering in briefs shall be black and in distinct type, double-spaced, with margins no less than 1 inch. Lettering in script or type made in imitation of handwriting shall not be permitted. Footnotes and quotations may be single spaced and shall be in the same size type, with the same spacing between characters, as the text in the body of the brief. Headings and subheadings shall be at least as large as the brief’s text and may be single-spaced. Computer-generated briefs shall be filed in either Times New Roman 14–point font or Courier New 12–point font. All computer-generated briefs shall contain a certificate of compliance signed by counsel, or the party if unrepresented, certifying that the brief complies with the font requirements of this rule. The certificate of compliance shall be contained in the brief immediately following the certificate of service.
  3. (3) Paper copies of briefs shall be securely bound in book form and fastened along the left side in a manner that will allow them to lie flat when opened or be securely stapled in the upper left corner.
  4. (4) The cover sheet of each brief shall state the name of the court, the style of the cause, including the case number if assigned, the lower tribunal, the party on whose behalf the brief is filed, the type of brief, and the name and address of the attorney filing the brief.
  5. (5) Except as provided in subdivision (a)(6) of this rule, the initial and answer briefs shall not exceed 50 pages in length, provided that if a cross-appeal has been filed, the answer brief/initial brief on cross-appeal shall not exceed 85 pages. Reply briefs shall not exceed 15 pages in length; provided that if a cross-appeal has been filed, the reply brief shall not exceed 50 pages, not more than 15 of which shall be devoted to argument replying to the answer portion of the appellee/cross-appellant’s brief. Cross-reply briefs shall not exceed 15 pages. Briefs on jurisdiction shall not exceed 10 pages. The tables of contents and citations, the certificates of service and compliance, and the signature block for the brief’s author, shall be excluded from the computation. Longer briefs may be permitted by the court.
  6. (6) In an appeal from a judgment of conviction imposing a sentence of death or in an appeal from an order ruling on, after an evidentiary hearing, an initial postconviction motion filed under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.851, the initial and answer briefs shall not exceed 100 pages in length, provided that if a cross-appeal has been filed, the answer brief/initial brief on cross-appeal shall not exceed 150 pages. Reply briefs shall not exceed 35 pages in length, provided that if a cross-appeal has been filed, the reply brief shall not exceed 100 pages, not more than 35 of which shall be devoted to argument replying to the answer portion of the appellee/cross-appellant’s brief. Cross-reply briefs shall not exceed 35 pages. In an appeal from an order summarily denying an initial postconviction motion filed under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.851, ruling on a successive postconviction motion filed under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.851, finding that a defendant is intellectually disabled as a bar to execution under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.203, or ruling on a motion for postconviction DNA testing filed under Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.853, the initial and answer briefs shall not exceed 75 pages in length. Reply briefs shall not exceed 25 pages in length. The tables of contents and citations, the certificates of service and compliance, and the signature block for the brief’s author, shall be excluded from the computation. Longer briefs may be permitted by the court.

(b) Contents of Initial Brief. The initial brief shall contain the following, in order:

  1. (1) A table of contents listing the sections of the brief, including headings and subheadings that identify the issues presented for review, with references to the pages on which each appears.
  2. (2) A table of citations with cases listed alphabetically, statutes and other authorities, and the pages of the brief on which each citation appears. See rule 9.800 for a uniform citation system.
  3. (3) A statement of the case and of the facts, which shall include the nature of the case, the course of the proceedings, and the disposition in the lower tribunal. References to the appropriate volume and pages of the record or transcript shall be made.
  4. (4) A summary of argument, suitably paragraphed, condensing succinctly, accurately, and clearly the argument actually made in the body of the brief. It should not be a mere repetition of the headings under which the argument is arranged. It should seldom exceed 2 and never 5 pages.
  5. (5) Argument with regard to each issue, with citation to appropriate authorities, and including the applicable appellate standard of review.
  6. (6) A conclusion, of not more than 1 page, setting forth the precise relief sought.
  7. (7) A certificate of service.
  8. (8) A certificate of compliance for computer-generated briefs.

(c) Contents of Answer Brief. The answer brief shall be prepared in the same manner as the initial brief, provided that the statement of the case and of the facts may be omitted, if the corresponding section of the initial brief is deemed satisfactory. If a cross-appeal has been filed, the answer brief shall include the issues in the cross-appeal that are presented for review, and argument in support of those issues.

(d) Contents of Reply Brief. The reply brief shall contain argument in response and rebuttal to argument presented in the answer brief. A table of contents, a table of citations, a certificate of service, and, for computer-generated briefs, a certificate of compliance shall be included in the same manner as in the initial brief.

(e) Contents of Cross-Reply Brief. The cross-reply brief is limited to rebuttal of argument of the cross-appellee. A table of contents, a table of citations, a certificate of service, and, for computer-generated briefs, a certificate of compliance shall be included in the same manner as in the initial brief.

(f) Times for Service of Briefs. The times for serving jurisdiction and initial briefs are prescribed by rules 9.110, 9.120, 9.130, and 9.140. Unless otherwise required, the answer brief shall be served within 20 days after service of the initial brief; the reply brief, if any, shall be served within 20 days after service of the answer brief; and the cross-reply brief, if any, shall be served within 20 days thereafter.

(g) Citations. Counsel are requested to use the uniform citation system prescribed by rule 9.800.

The Written Arguments of an Appeal: Briefs are the detailed, written legal arguments that parties submit to the appellate court. This rule sets out the strict requirements for how briefs must be formatted and what they must contain.

(a) General Requirements:

  • Types of Briefs: Generally, only three briefs are allowed per side: an Initial Brief (from the appellant), an Answer Brief (from the appellee), and a Reply Brief (from the appellant).
  • Formatting: The rule is very specific about formatting, including 1-inch margins, double-spacing, and using either Times New Roman 14-point or Courier New 12-point font.
  • Page Limits: There are strict page limits. For most cases, initial and answer briefs cannot exceed 50 pages, and reply briefs are limited to 15 pages. Death penalty cases have longer page limits.

(b) What Goes in the Initial Brief: The appellant's first brief is the most comprehensive and must include the following sections in this specific order:

  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Citations (a list of all cases and laws cited)
  • Statement of the Case and Facts (explaining what the case is about and what happened in the trial court)
  • Summary of the Argument
  • The main Argument section, addressing each legal issue
  • A one-page Conclusion stating the relief requested

(c) & (d) Other Briefs: The Answer Brief follows the same format but can skip the facts if the appellant's version is accurate. The Reply Brief is strictly limited to responding to arguments made in the Answer Brief; no new issues can be raised.

(f) Deadlines: Unless a specific rule states otherwise, the Answer Brief is due 20 days after the Initial Brief is served, and the Reply Brief is due 20 days after the Answer Brief is served.